Understanding the Symptoms and Causes of Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome is a condition that occurs when the eyes are not producing adequate tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. It can be temporary or chronic; left untreated, it can result in complications such as double vision or infections. 

You can find relief through home remedies, over-the-counter or prescription eye drops, and understanding the underlying causes to prevent or manage the condition.

What Is Dry Eye Syndrome?

Dry eye syndrome affects the tear film, which protects and lubricates the eye’s surface. A healthy and stable tear film is necessary for comfortable and clear vision. Problems with the tear film can cause various annoying symptoms. 

The causes and risk factors of dry eye are numerous and complex, making it a multifactorial condition. It can be challenging to identify the root cause of the disease. It may take some time to figure out what is causing your symptoms. If you are experiencing dry eye symptoms, it is best to consult an eye doctor to establish a management plan for your condition.

The Importance of Tear Production

Tears play a vital role in keeping the eyes lubricated and comfortable. They consist of three layers: an oil layer, a water layer, and a mucous layer. These layers work together to keep the eyes moist and prevent infection.

Dry Eye Symptoms

Symptoms of dry eye syndrome can include:

• A dry or gritty sensation

• Blurred vision

• Discomfort or difficulty wearing contact lenses

• Burning sensation

• Redness

• Itchy eyes

• Soreness or pain in the eyes

• Mucus in or around the eyes

• Light sensitivity

• Watery eyes as a result of the eyes trying to produce more tears to compensate for the dryness

• Fatigue or heavy feeling in the eyes

It is important to note that this condition can also lead to inflammation and damage to the eye’s surface. It can also impact the outcome of certain eye surgeries, such as cataracts and LASIK surgery.

Causes

Various factors can cause dry eye disease, including the following:

• Age

As you age, your ability to produce tears drops, which can cause dry eyes. Your eyes have fewer tears, and those tears tend to be less oily, causing them to evaporate faster. That results in dry eyes.

• Meibomian Gland Dysfunction 

This condition causes dry eyes by clogging the glands, creating an oily layer of tears. The clogging prevents the production of the oily layer, leading to dry eyes.

• Medication

Some drugs, including antidepressants, blood pressure pills, and antihistamines, can reduce the tears produced. Dry eyes can result from these medications' effects on the eyes' capacity to produce tears.

• Hormonal Changes 

Specific medical conditions, pregnancy, or menopause can cause hormonal imbalances, resulting in dry eyes. Changes in hormones can significantly impact how much and what kind of tears you produce.

• Medical Conditions

Several ailments, including thyroid problems, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases, can cause your eyes to feel dry. That happens because these conditions impair the eyes' ability to produce tears.

• Environmental Factors

Smoking, dry air, wind exposure, and extended screen time can all cause dry eyes. These elements may cause eye dryness, which can be uncomfortable and impair vision.

It is important to note that some people may have multiple causes of dry eye syndrome. An eye doctor can help determine the specific cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

For more on dry eye syndrome, call City Eyes Optometry Center at (818) 960-1300 to reach our Sherman Oaks, California office.